FLOW extension data: what happens after the trial stops
A design note rather than a result: what the comparator was, and what that permits you to conclude.
Clinical Trials in 2025
Page 2 of 11 of this archive, newest first.
HbA1c and its lag: what a result three months old is telling you
The assay is not the problem. The interpretation of a lagging integral as a current measurement is the problem.
Load, not cardio: the distinction the general advice keeps losing
Mass and function are different endpoints and training affects them differently. Most coverage treats them as one.
STEP 2 extension data: what happens after the trial stops
A design note rather than a result: what the comparator was, and what that permits you to conclude.
How much of retatrutide weight loss can any instrument actually attribute?
The instrument determines the answer more than the drug does, and the trade quotes the answer without naming the instrument.
STEP 2 extension data: what happens after the trial stops
A design note rather than a result: what the comparator was, and what that permits you to conclude.
What the trials monitored, and what that implies about routine practice
The argument for a baseline panel is that it makes every subsequent result interpretable. The argument against frequent monitoring is that noise accumulates faster than…
How much of cagrilintide weight loss can any instrument actually attribute?
The compartment called lean mass contains water, glycogen, viscera and skin. Only some of it is the tissue anybody is worried about.
FLOW misses on a secondary endpoint the coverage has not mentioned
A design note rather than a result: what the comparator was, and what that permits you to conclude.
STEP 8 misses on a secondary endpoint the coverage has not mentioned
A design note rather than a result: what the comparator was, and what that permits you to conclude.
SURMOUNT-3 misses on a secondary endpoint the coverage has not mentioned
A design note rather than a result: what the comparator was, and what that permits you to conclude.
SURPASS-2 extension data: what happens after the trial stops
A design note rather than a result: what the comparator was, and what that permits you to conclude.
The one-quarter rule, and the paper that took it apart
Grading six widely repeated claims against the studies actually behind them.
What has to change before a change has happened
A flag is a probability statement about a population. It is not a statement about the person holding the printout.
SURPASS-3 extension data: what happens after the trial stops
A design note rather than a result: what the comparator was, and what that permits you to conclude.
What the older diet-and-exercise trials found in the hip
The evidence base is one secondary analysis, several small studies and a large amount of extrapolation from bariatric surgery.
SURMOUNT-2 extension data: what happens after the trial stops
A design note rather than a result: what the comparator was, and what that permits you to conclude.
The out-of-range flag is a statistical convention with a printer attached
Two sources of noise sit under every number: how reproducible the assay is, and how much the analyte varies within the same person on the same day.
TRIUMPH-1 extension data: what happens after the trial stops
A design note rather than a result: what the comparator was, and what that permits you to conclude.
A year after stopping: what the trials found at the far end
The variance around the mean regain trajectory is large and unexplained, exactly as it is for the weight loss.